Gases in the intestines are formed as a result of the activity of microorganisms that live in the air we breathe and in the digestive tract, as well as from the air swallowed during eating or drinking. This is a normal process — the small amount of gas produced is typically released through the mouth or rectum, or absorbed into the bloodstream without causing discomfort.
However, excessive gas is a pathological condition. It can lead to various symptoms, including abdominal pain and heaviness, cramps, belching, and fatigue.
Causes of intestinal bloating include:
Swallowing excess air due to frequent eating or drinking
Consumption of gas-producing foods such as cabbage, peas, beans, apples, pumpkin, corn, potatoes, lamb, black bread, milk, mayonnaise, and carbonated drinks
Digestive disorders, enzyme deficiencies, a decrease in beneficial gut bacteria, an increase in harmful microflora, and impaired nutrient absorption
Fermentation processes caused by disrupted intestinal motility
If you suffer from flatulence or persistent bloating, it is important to consult a gastroenterologist, as it may be a symptom of various — and potentially serious — gastrointestinal conditions.