Both men and women need to undergo a comprehensive examination to identify the causes of infertility. An accurate diagnosis based on the results of this assessment is usually the foundation for effective treatment. In recent years, male reproductive dysfunction has gained particular significance, both medically and socially. Worldwide, male infertility accounts for approximately 30–50% of infertility cases. It often results from various pathological processes in the body or the influence of epigenetic factors.
Main Causes of Male Reproductive Dysfunction
Varicocele
Infectious and inflammatory diseases of the genitourinary system
Congenital anomalies of the reproductive organs (e.g., cryptorchidism, hypospadias)
Abnormalities in seminal fluid
Immunological factors
Systemic diseases (e.g., tuberculosis, liver cirrhosis, chronic respiratory diseases, diabetes, mumps and its complication orchitis, chronic kidney disease)
Inguinal hernia, hydrocele, surgeries on urinary and reproductive organs (e.g., bladder, urethral structures)
Chemotherapy, radiation therapy, hormone therapy, and use of certain medications (e.g., sulfonamides, nitrofurans, tranquilizers, antihypertensives)
Use of drugs containing narcotic substances
Sexual and ejaculatory disorders
Endocrine factors (e.g., primary or secondary hypogonadism, hyperprolactinemia, testosterone deficiency)
Factors Contributing to Male Infertility
External intoxication (e.g., alcohol consumption, smoking)
Occupational exposures (e.g., contact with organic/inorganic substances, radiation)
Thermal factors (e.g., working in high or low temperatures, prolonged fever)
Genital trauma
Unbalanced diet
Psychological stress
Diagnosis of Male Infertility
Timely consultation with a doctor can lead to full recovery and prevent future complications. Initial evaluation involves taking a medical history and identifying risk factors through an andrologist consultation. The primary test for assessing male reproductive status is the sperm analysis (spermiogram).
Preparation:
Avoid sexual activity for 48–72 hours before the test. Refrain from using strong medications, alcohol, hot baths, or saunas, as these can affect the results. If abnormalities are detected in the first test, it is recommended to repeat it after 2 weeks.
Tests included in the check-up package:
Urinalysis
Urethral smear test
Chlamydia trachomatis
Mycoplasma genitalium
Trichomonas vaginalis
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Mycoplasma hominis
Gardnerella vaginalis
Herpes types I & II
Hepatitis B – Rapid test
Syphilis – Rapid test
HIV – Rapid test
Hepatitis C – Rapid test
Ureaplasma parvum/urealyticum
Online registration is required to complete the check-up.
For more information, please contact us at (012) 910 or via WhatsApp at (+99455) 4000910.
