To determine the causes of infertility, both men and women must undergo comprehensive examinations. Based on the results of these examinations, the correct diagnosis is usually made, forming the foundation of successful treatment. In recent years, the issue of impaired reproductive function in men has gained particular importance both medically and socially. Globally, male infertility accounts for an average of 30–50%. Male infertility occurs as a result of various pathological processes in the body or due to the influence of different epigenetic factors.
Main causes of impaired reproductive function in men:
- Varicocele
- Infectious and inflammatory diseases of the genitourinary system
- Congenital defects of the reproductive organs (cryptorchidism, hypospadias)
- Sperm abnormalities
- Immunological factors
- Diseases of other organs and systems (tuberculosis, liver cirrhosis, chronic respiratory diseases, diabetes mellitus, mumps and its complication orchitis, chronic kidney failure, etc.)
- Surgical procedures on the genitourinary organs, such as treatment for inguinal hernia, hydrocele, bladder strictures, and urethral strictures
- Chemotherapy, radiotherapy, hormone therapy, use of sulfonamides, nitrofurans, antibiotics, tranquilizers, and antihypertensive drugs
- Use of drugs containing narcotic substances
- Sexual dysfunction and ejaculatory disorders
- Endocrine factors (primary and secondary hypogonadism, hyperprolactinemia, testosterone deficiency)
Factors causing male infertility:
- Common external intoxications (alcohol consumption, smoking)
- Professional intoxications (exposure to certain organic and inorganic substances, radiation)
- Temperature factors (working under extremely high/low temperatures, prolonged vibration exposure)
- Trauma to reproductive organs
- Unbalanced diet
- Psychological stress
Diagnosis of male infertility
Timely consultation with a doctor can help prevent more serious problems in the future and ensure complete treatment. At the initial stage, it is necessary to undergo an examination by an andrologist to determine the medical history and risk factors for infertility. The primary test for determining a man's reproductive status is a spermogram.
It is recommended to follow sexual abstinence for 48–72 hours before the test. The use of strong medications, alcohol consumption, or visiting baths or saunas can affect the results. If pathological changes are detected in the ejaculate, it is recommended to repeat the test after 2 weeks.
Examinations included in the Check-up package:
- Clinical urine analysis
- Clinical smear analysis
- Chlamydia trachomatis
- Mycoplasma genitalium
- Mycoplasma hominis
- Gardnerella vaginalis
- HBsAg - rapid test
- Syphilis - rapid test
- Anti-HIV - rapid test
- Anti-HCV - rapid test
- Ureaplasma parvum/urealyticum
Online registration is mandatory for Check-up examinations.
For more information, contact us via WhatsApp at (+994 55) 4000910 or through the Call Center at (012) 910.
