Prolactin, commonly known as the "milk hormone," is not only responsible for milk production but also plays a key role in reproductive health and the menstrual cycle. This hormone is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland in the brain and is essential for regulating breast function and maintaining hormonal balance in the body.
Both excessive and low levels of prolactin can indicate significant health issues. Therefore, any suspected imbalance should be medically evaluated.
When Is a Prolactin Test Performed?
A prolactin test measures the amount of prolactin in the blood and is used to investigate:
Psychiatric disorders
Ovulation problems
Pregnancy and breastfeeding
Decreased libido
Osteoporosis (bone resorption)
Gynecomastia (breast enlargement in men)
Menstrual irregularities
Pituitary tumors, brain trauma, or infections
This test helps assess pituitary gland function and determines the underlying cause of symptoms such as irregular menstrual cycles or unexpected breast discharge.
Blood is drawn from a vein in the arm (typically the elbow vein) to perform the test.
What Is High Prolactin (Hyperprolactinemia)?
When prolactin levels exceed the normal range, the condition is known as hyperprolactinemia.
During pregnancy and the postpartum period, increased prolactin is normal. However, outside of these periods, high prolactin can:
Inhibit the secretion of FSH and GnRH
Stop ovulation
Lead to infertility and menstrual irregularities
Lower estrogen in women and testosterone in men, causing sexual dysfunction
Common Symptoms of High Prolactin:
In Women:
Milky discharge from the breasts (when not pregnant or breastfeeding)
Low estrogen and progesterone levels
Menstrual irregularities or absence
Vaginal dryness
Infertility
Mood swings
In Men:
Enlarged breasts (gynecomastia)
Erectile dysfunction
Hair thinning
Reduced testosterone levels
Infertility
Low libido
Other symptoms:
Headaches and vision problems (especially in the presence of a pituitary tumor)
Causes of High Prolactin Levels
If a woman is not pregnant and still has elevated prolactin, this may indicate an underlying problem. Common causes include:
Pituitary adenomas (non-cancerous tumors)
Microadenomas (<1 cm)
Macroadenomas (>1 cm)
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
Kidney or liver disease
Hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) – causes increased TRH which stimulates prolactin
Chronic stress and sleep deprivation
Use of antidepressants or antipsychotics
Intense physical exercise
Tight-fitting undergarments
Nutritional deficiencies and anorexia
Chest trauma
Endocrine disorders
Chronic kidney failure
Acromegaly
Lung cancer (rare)
Prolactin Test Pricing
Prolactin test costs may vary depending on the location and equipment quality of the laboratory. Clinics offering high-accuracy results with advanced equipment may charge higher prices.
At Sağlam Ailə Medical Center, we provide reliable test results at competitive prices, ensuring accurate diagnosis and effective treatment. The center supports patients with high-quality services and professional medical guidance.
For more information on prolactin tests, pricing, or to register for an appointment, contact our Call Center at (012) 910 or message us via WhatsApp at (055) 4000 910.
You can easily book your test online and visit the clinic at your convenience.
