Medical information

How Can We Protect Our Heart?

Let’s take care of our hearts — together!

Even if we’re not always aware of it, our heart beats non-stop for us. As the most vital muscular organ in the body, the heart pumps oxygen-rich blood through our vessels to nourish all organs. When the heart is not properly cared for, plaque can build up in the arteries, increasing the risk of heart attacks and blocked vessels.

What Are the Risk Factors for Heart Disease?

  • High blood pressure

  • High cholesterol

  • Excess weight

  • Smoking

  • Sedentary lifestyle

  • Unhealthy diet

What Should We Do to Maintain a Healthy Heart?

Cholesterol is divided into two types: LDL (bad cholesterol) and HDL (good cholesterol). Plaque buildup in the arteries occurs when LDL levels increase and HDL levels decrease.

If you’re over the age of 20, your cholesterol should be checked every 4–6 years. If you are in a risk group or have a family history of heart disease, this interval may need to be shorter.

How to Protect Your Heart

Eat a Heart-Healthy Diet

Fill your diet with:

  • Fruits and vegetables

  • Low-fat dairy

  • Legumes

  • Poultry, lean meat, and oily fish

Avoid or limit:

  • Saturated and trans fats

  • Salt (≤5g/day; ≤1.5g for hypertensive patients)

  • Sugar

  • Fried and fatty foods (e.g., butter, animal fat, margarine, cream, mayonnaise)

  • Alcohol

  • Red meat should be lean, limited to 100g twice a week

Control Your Blood Pressure

  • Maintain a healthy weight

  • Limit salt

  • Stay physically active

  • Quit smoking

  • Reduce alcohol

  • Eat foods rich in calcium and magnesium

Stay Away From Smoking

Regardless of how long you’ve smoked, quitting is one of the most effective steps for heart health. Even secondhand smoke is harmful — for every 10 cigarettes smoked nearby, you inhale the equivalent of 4.

Keep Your Blood Sugar in Check

Uncontrolled diabetes damages blood vessels by reducing elasticity, increasing clot formation, and lowering HDL cholesterol levels.

Don’t Let Stress Control You

Studies show that stress, anger, and depression significantly increase the risk of cardiovascular disease.

Stay Active

Some activity is better than none. Aim for:

  • At least 75 minutes of vigorous aerobic activity weekly (e.g., running, cycling, jumping rope, basketball)

  • Or 150 minutes of brisk walking (e.g., 30 minutes a day, 5 days a week)

  • Stand more, sit less

  • Do light resistance or muscle-activating movements

Get Quality Sleep

Aim for at least 7 hours of good sleep per night. Small, healthy changes in one area often improve others.

Heart-Healthy Foods

  • Nuts (walnuts, hazelnuts, almonds): rich in fiber and healthy fats

  • Berries (blueberries, raspberries, strawberries): contain fiber and bioactive compounds

  • Flaxseed: packed with omega-3 fatty acids and should be consumed ground

  • Legumes (beans, chickpeas, lentils): high in B vitamins and fiber; help regulate blood sugar

  • Orange and red vegetables (carrots, red peppers, pumpkin, potatoes): high in beta-carotene, vitamin C, and fiber

  • Leafy greens (spinach, broccoli): rich in potassium, fiber, folate, calcium, and vitamin C

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